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Data Analyst vs. Data Scientist: Which Path is Right For You?

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Data Analyst vs. Data Scientist: Which Path is Right For You?

You may have heard the phrases “data analytics” and “data science” mentioned before. If you are new to the world of data, you might be wondering what these terms mean — and if you’re interested in a career in data, which is the right path for you?

Though there is a lot of overlap between the two areas (and disagreement about the exact definitions), the main difference is how much they rely on machine learning. In general, data analytics covers everything from collecting data to spotting trends to communicating insights. Data science is a broader field that includes data analytics, and often involves making predictions with tools like machine learning or conducting experiments with data.

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Companies collect a great deal of data. Almost all of them can benefit from data analytics to help make sense of it. But not as many require building algorithms that predict the future or apply patterns to new information.

Interested in working with data, but not sure where to start? In this article, we’ll explore data analytics and data science in more detail, to help you decide between our Data Scientist: Analytics Specialist career path and our Data Scientist: Machine Learning Specialist career path.

What is data analytics?

Data analytics is all about helping organizations make decisions based on data. Page visits can inform marketing strategies, housing costs can affect policy changes, and patient outcomes can impact a hospital’s operations. Data analytics helps us find patterns and tell stories from the large quantity of data organizations have.

“Every company is collecting some data. And a lot of companies need to leverage their data to make good data-driven decisions. There’s a huge opportunity for Data Analysts to really put that data to work.” says Codecademy Data Science Domain Manager Michelle McSweeney.

Quote Image:

Data science is a broad field that includes data analytics. It also covers making predictions with machine learning, working with big data, and developing artificial intelligence.

“Data science tends to be more specialized than data analytics, because not every company needs to make predictive data decisions, and not every company needs to leverage big data,” Michelle says.

To learn more about data science, check out our blog all about: What is data science?

Data Analyst vs. Data Scientist

The Similarities

At their core, both roles revolve around turning raw data into actionable insights that can inform better business decisions. Whether it’s analyzing trends, identifying patterns, or helping stakeholders understand performance metrics, both data analysts and data scientists share a common goal: making sense of data to drive smarter strategies.

A key similarity lies in the tools and techniques they use. Both roles typically work with programming languages like Python or R. They also leverage SQL for querying databases, and share foundational knowledge in statistics, data wrangling, and exploratory data analysis.

The Differences

While Data Analysts and Data Scientists share overlapping skills, their roles diverge in scope, complexity, and focus.

Data Analysts typically concentrate on taking a business question and translating it into a data question. They answer “what happened?” and “why did it happen?”. To do so, they’re responsible for collecting and reformatting data, analyzing it with statistics and probability, and sharing actionable insights in the form of visuals and reports. Their work is often more structured and driven by specific business queries or performance metrics.

Data Scientists, on the other hand, tend to operate at a more advanced level to answer deeper questions like “what will happen?” or “how can we influence future outcomes?”. They’re tasked with creating algorithms to automate data processes, recognize patterns, and make recommendations based on past behavior. They work on things like forecasting the financial future, creating customer-facing chatbots, detecting tumors in X-ray images, and making suggestions of things you might like.

Data Analysts: Salary and Skills

Salary

According to ZipRecruiter, the average salary for Data Analysts in the U.S. is $82,640 per year. Still, your salary as a Data Analyst will depend on your location. 

Industries with a higher demand for Data Analysts tend to provide higher salaries. For example, Payscale reports that data analysts working for Amazon can get paid up to $101,000 in the U.S. With Meta offering around $146,000, per Indeed. Other high-paying industries include healthcare, finance, insurance, and professional services.

Skills

Here are some of the basic skills required of a Data Analyst:

  • Data collection & cleaning: Gather data from various sources and prepare it for analysis by fixing errors, handling missing values, and organizing it into a usable format.
  • Data analysis: Explore and interpret data to find patterns, relationships, or trends that can help answer specific questions or solve problems.
  • Data visualization: Use BI tools to create visual representations of data — like charts, graphs, and dashboards — making complex information easier to understand and interpret.
  • Data reporting: Summarize and present data findings in a clear, structured format — often through reports or presentations — to inform decision-makers and stakeholders.

Data Scientist: Salary and Skills

Looking at Indeed, Data Scientists make an average salary of $126,833 per year in the U.S. Even with less than a year of experience, Data Scientists earn $101,338 on average. Those with three to five years of experience make $138,080 each year, with a high of $201,230.

Skills

Here are some of the basic skills required of a Data Scientist:

  • Data modeling: Design and organize data structures — like tables, relationships, and schemas — to represent how data is stored and accessed in databases or systems.
  • Machine learning: Create and use algorithms to detect patterns in data and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed for every scenario.
  • Experimentation: Design and execute controlled tests (such as A/B tests) to validate hypotheses with data and optimize performance.

Data Analyst vs. Data Scientist: At A Glance

Data AnalystsData Scientists
FocusUse data to answer “what happened?” and “why did it happen?”Use data to answer “what will happen?” or “how can we influence future outcomes?”
Salary$82,640$126,833
SkillsData collection & cleaning
Data analysis
Data visualization
Data reporting
Data collection & cleaning
Data modeling
Machine learning
Experimentation
LanguagesSQL
Python
R
Statistics
SQL
Python
R
Data Science Languages

Data Analyst Career Paths

Interested in learning more about data analytics? You can dive into our Data Scientist: Analytics Specialist career path to learn everything you need to become a Data Analyst.

Or, our Business Intelligence Data Analyst career path is designed to teach you the essential skills to be job-ready in as little as three months.

If you want to learn a specific Data Analyst skill, check out the following Skill Paths:

Even if your ultimate goal is to become a Data Scientist, gaining a solid foundation in data analytics is a good first step.

Data Scientist Career Paths

Interested in becoming a Data Scientist? Our Data Scientist career paths will teach you everything you need to know to become an entry-level Data Scientist from the ground up.

Regardless of which path you choose, you’ll use your new skills to build unique projects you can use to build a portfolio — and we’ll also help you prepare for the hiring process with interview prep courses and other helpful resources you can find in our Career Center.

This blog was originally published in April 2021 and has been updated to include updated salaries, and new resources.


Dire-Wolf Pups?

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Dire-Wolf Pups?

Tell us a story, real or made up, about these two pups, which scientists say have dire-wolf genes.

Unlock Learning Insights: How Grouped Data Transforms Your L&D Analytics

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Unlock Learning Insights: How Grouped Data Transforms Your L&D Analytics

Every learner leaves a digital trail. The challenge is deriving insight from it. Data has become the backbone of every high-performing L&D strategy. But here’s THE PROBLEM: the sheer volume of learning data can be overwhelming. Sifting through spreadsheets, reconciling reports, and trying to piece together progress across hundreds of learners isn’t just time-consuming; it can actually slow down your decision-making.

Instead of looking at learner performance in isolation, what if you could zoom out and assess how whole teams, departments, or cohorts are progressing? This is precisely what grouped data enables you to do. It is the smarter, faster, and more actionable way to track and monitor staff training.

Let’s break down why grouped data is essential for modern L&D.

Track Team Progress Without Spreadsheets

Reporting becomes very simple when your learners are organised into groups, whether by team, role, location, or project.

Grouped data allows you to:

  • View team-level performance metrics at a glance
  • Compare progress across departments
  • Monitor who’s compliant and who isn’t
  • Instantly identify laggard behaviour, and take action

And the best part? You can do all this without manually building reports from scratch.

According to Watershed LRS, 60% of L&D managers now face executive pressure to measure the impact of learning, a significant increase from previous figures. This highlights the growing emphasis on demonstrating the tangible outcomes of L&D efforts in corporate settings.

Pro tip: Use group trends to forecast training needs for the next quarter. Seeing a dip in completion rates for a certain team? Schedule a quick sync with their manager to understand blockers and re-align on priorities. Then, adjust learning paths to stay on track with business goals.

The corporate digital learning sector has experienced significant growth, expanding from $86.78 billion in 2018 to a projected $153.41 billion by 2028, marking a 77% increase. This surge has led to an abundance of learning data, making it challenging for L&D professionals to sift through and derive actionable insights. Traditional methods of analysing individual learner data are often time-consuming and may not provide a holistic view of organisational learning trends.​

(Source: Intuition)

Understanding Grouped Data Analytics

Grouped data analytics involves organising learners into specific cohorts such as teams, departments, or roles and analysing their collective learning behaviors and outcomes. This approach shifts the focus from individual performance to group dynamics, enabling L&D professionals to identify patterns, trends, and areas for improvement more efficiently.

The strategic advantages

  1. Enhanced tracking and reporting: By analysing data at the group level, organisations can monitor progress, completion rates, and engagement metrics more effectively. This streamlined approach reduces the complexity associated with individual data analysis.​
  2. Identifying trends and insights: Grouped data allows you to recognise learning patterns across different teams or departments, facilitating targeted interventions and resource allocation.​
  3. Spotting skill gaps: Analysing group performance can reveal specific skill deficiencies within teams, enabling the development of tailored training programmes to address these gaps.​
  4. Recognising top performers: Group analytics can highlight high-performing teams or individuals within cohorts, providing opportunities for recognition and the sharing of best practices.​
  5. Reducing administrative workload: By focusing on group data, L&D professionals can streamline reporting processes, allowing more time for strategic planning and programme development.

How Organisations Use Grouped Data to Drive Strategic L&D Decisions

Data alone doesn’t create change – insights do. Grouped learning data helps connect the dots between learning outcomes and business performance. When looking at trends by team, department, or region, you can make informed decisions about everything from course design to budget allocation.

Here’s how organisations are using grouped analytics to steer their L&D strategy:

  • Resource planning: See which departments are falling behind on compliance or lagging in soft skills and redirect training efforts accordingly.
  • Budget allocation: Invest more in high-performing groups that show strong learning engagement and ROI, while using insights to rework underperforming programmes.
  • Curriculum adjustments: Spot common drop-off points or low engagement in specific content modules across groups and fine-tune your curriculum design based on real evidence.
  • Leadership development: Use group analytics to identify emerging leaders across teams by combining learning data with performance metrics, then nurture that talent intentionally.

L&D becomes a strategic advisor to the business, seeing the bigger picture. Every team-level data tells a story.

The Dashboard showcasing reports and detailed analytics for comprehensive data analysis.

How To Implement Grouped Data Analytics in Your L&D Strategy

To effectively integrate grouped data analytics into your L&D strategy, consider the following steps:

  1. Define clear objectives: Establish what you aim to achieve with grouped data analytics. Whether it’s improving course completion rates, identifying skill gaps, or enhancing engagement, clear objectives will guide your analysis.​
  2. Organise learners into meaningful groups: Segment your learners based on relevant criteria such as job function, department, location, or experience level. This grouping should align with your organisational structure and learning objectives.​
  3. Utilise advanced analytics tools: Leverage Learning Management Systems (LMS) and analytics platforms that support grouped data analysis. These tools can automate data collection, visualisation, and reporting, making it easier to derive insights.​
  4. Monitor and evaluate group performance: Regularly assess the performance of different groups to identify trends, challenges, and opportunities. This ongoing evaluation enables proactive adjustments to your L&D programmes.​
  5. Foster a culture of continuous improvement: Use the insights gained from grouped data analytics to foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement. Encourage teams to collaborate, share knowledge, and support each other’s development.

Actionable Tips

You’ve got the tools. Now make the most of them. Here are some practical ways L&D leaders are maximising the impact of grouped learning data in their workflows:

  1. Tag your groups smartly: Go beyond department names and create learning groups based on goals (e.g., “Future Managers 2025” or “Client-Facing Teams – APAC”). This allows for more meaningful insights and inspires participants.
  2. Use baseline comparisons: Before launching a new training initiative, capture group-level metrics like average assessment scores or completion rates. Then compare post-training data to measure real impact.
  3. Layer data with qualitative feedback: Group trends are powerful, but pairing them with feedback surveys helps explain the “why” behind the numbers.
  4. Set benchmarks between groups: Establish internal benchmarks like average time to complete a training path or engagement scores so teams can constructively track their performance against others.
  5. Make it visual: Use dashboards and charts to present grouped data in a way that’s easy for stakeholders to understand. A visual overview often sparks faster decisions.
  6. Keep it dynamic: Don’t treat groups as static. Update them as teams change, new projects launch, or skills needs shift. Dynamic grouping keeps your data meaningful.

Grouped Data becomes a powerful lever to optimise learning, prove impact, and influence business outcomes.

Now, Let Your Data Work For You

As someone in L&D, what you need is clarity. Confidence. The ability to say, “Here’s what’s working, here’s what’s not, and here’s what we’re doing next.

That’s what grouped data gives you.

You don’t need to overhaul your entire system to get there. Set up a quick demo to see how Alison LMS and grouped analytics can help you.

If you are already subscribed to Alison’s LMS+,

  • Log in to your LMS dashboard and explore the Groups menu
  • Schedule a demo to see how it works in action
  • Or reach out to our team for help setting it up

How Concerned Should We Be About the Online ‘Manosphere’?

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How Concerned Should We Be About the Online ‘Manosphere’?

“Adolescence,” the Netflix mini-series about a 13-year-old boy accused of killing a classmate after consuming hateful, misogynistic content online, has soared in popularity since it was released last month.

Have you seen it, or discussed it with friends or family?

The series has helped draw attention to a disturbing trend: the surge in content that demeans and degrades women on the internet?

What have you been seeing or experiencing on social media? Do you think we should be worried about the growing online ‘manosphere’?

In the guest essay “Don’t Throw Our Boys to the Wolves Online,” Rachel Louise Snyder writes:

Last year, researchers at Dublin City University released a report on a disturbing phenomenon: a surge of male supremacy videos in young men’s social media feeds. It’s the kind of report that should sound an alarm for parents, teachers and administrators. But as the gender divide widens and young men increasingly lean conservative amid Trump-era authoritarianism, it feels less like a future warning and more like a current diagnosis.

In the report, researchers created sock-puppet accounts — fake accounts registered as teenage boys — to determine how quickly misogynistic videos show up in users’ TikTok and YouTube feeds. Alongside a control group, one group used male-coded search terms, such as “gaming” or “gym tips,” while another searched for more extreme anti-feminist, male-supremacist content. The “manosphere,” as it is often referred to, includes videos by Andrew and Tristan Tate, influencers who profit off the insecurities of young men. (The Tate brothers are embroiled in criminal and civil cases in Romania, Britain and the United States. They deny the allegations against them.)

It took under nine minutes for TikTok to offer troubling content to their fake 16-year-old boys, which later included explicitly anti-feminist and anti-L.G.B.T.Q. videos. Much of the content blamed women and trans people for the standing they believe men have lost in the world. More extreme content appeared within 23 minutes. Male supremacy videos intersected with reactionary right-wing punditry within two or three hours.

By the final phase of the experiment, accounts that showed even slight interest in the manosphere — for instance, accounts that watched a video all the way through — resulted in their For You feeds offering more than 78 percent alpha-male and anti-feminist content. Messages included: Feminism has gone too far, men are losing out on jobs to women and women prefer to stay at home rather than work.

Catherine Baker, the lead author of the study, says this messaging resonates because it plays into young men’s insecurities around their bodies — many of the accounts glorify fitness — as well as their future success and their relationships. Young men might believe that in order to be successful, they can’t show vulnerability; they need wealth, six-pack abs and social, political and cultural dominance.

Ms. Louise Snyder addresses “Adolescence” and its implications for society and lawmakers:

The new Netflix mini-series “Adolescence” grapples with this. In it, a 13-year-old boy named Jamie Miller appears to have killed his female classmate. His parents are good people and engaged in their child’s life but are tortured by what they chose to ignore. The father tried to toughen up his son, forcing him to play sports even though Jamie struggled. He ignored his son’s love of drawing and how quickly the internet could turn vile. Jamie’s parents buy him a computer and a headset and believe he is safe because he is at home, in his room.

This is what parents so often think. At home, our children will be safe. Our proximity equals security. It may be fictional, but “Adolescence” nails the naïveté of this rationalization.

There are at least four bills before Congress meant to address transparency in algorithms, limits on social media and similar measures. (Algorithms can serve anyone troubling content.) We regulate any number of things that pose dangers to our children: cars, toys, chemicals, alcohol. Any delay in cleaning up the online ecosystem is congressional malpractice.

Students, read the entire article and then tell us:

  • What’s your reaction to the essay and to the report by Dublin City University released last year on the surge of male supremacy videos in young men’s social media feeds, such as TikTok and YouTube? Which of the details, findings and statistics stood out to you?

  • Ms. Snyder says the report should “sound an alarm for parents, teachers and administrators.” Do you agree? How concerned should we be about the online manosphere?

  • What have you been noticing on social media? Have you ever encountered anti-feminist, male supremacist or misogynistic content online? If so, how did you respond? How did it make you think or feel?

  • Catherine Baker, the lead author of the study, says this content might lead young men to believe “that in order to be successful, they can’t show vulnerability; they need wealth, six-pack abs and social, political and cultural dominance.” What messages have you gotten about being a boy or girl from social media? Do you think this content has had a positive or negative effect on you or your peers?

  • Have you watched the Netflix series “Adolescence,” or discussed it with any friends or family? If so, did the show resonate with any of your own experiences, in school, at home or online? What lessons, if any, can we draw from the fictional show for teenagers or their parents?

  • Cynthia Miller-Idriss, who offers digital literacy guides for administrators, teachers and parents, says, “We just throw our kids to the wolves algorithmically, and expect them to recognize and reject it. But we need to do a better job of helping those kids and parents understand what they’re seeing.” Does your school offer a social media literacy curriculum, workshops or lessons? Do you agree that we are “throwing our kids to the algorithmic wolves,” as Ms. Miller-Idriss says? What do you think of her call to start lessons for understanding online content and messages as early as elementary school?

  • The essay notes that there are at least four bills before Congress meant to address transparency in algorithms, limits on social media and similar measures. Would you be in favor of such actions? What else could we do to address the issue?

  • If you are a boy, what would you like adults to understand about growing up male today that they might not see or know? If you are not a boy, what do you think boys need to understand about misogyny and masculinity that they might not see or know?


Students 13 and older in the United States and Britain, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public and may appear in print.

Find more Student Opinion questions here. Teachers, check out this guide to learn how you can incorporate these prompts into your classroom.

Dire-Wolf Pups

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Dire-Wolf Pups

Dire wolves, made famous by “Game of Thrones,” went extinct some 13,000 years ago. Now, reports The Times, researchers have bred gray-wolf pups that carry genes of their ancient cousins.

Use your imagination to write the opening of a short story or poem inspired by this news or the image of the puppies — or describe a memory from your own life that this image makes you think of.

Post your work in the comments, and then read the related article to learn more.


Students 13 and older in the United States and Britain, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public and may appear in print.

Find more Picture Prompts here.

Word of the Day: stylus

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Word of the Day: stylus

The word stylus has appeared in eight articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on Feb. 24 in “100 Years Ago Recording Studios Got a New Tool: Microphones” by Ludovic Hunter-Tilney:

Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877, and the period until 1925 is known as the acoustical era. A conical recording horn would capture the music being performed; sound waves caused a stylus to cut grooves into a rotating wax disc, marking it with audio information.

Can you correctly use the word stylus in a sentence?

Based on the definition and example provided, write a sentence using today’s Word of the Day and share it as a comment on this article. It is most important that your sentence makes sense and demonstrates that you understand the word’s definition, but we also encourage you to be creative and have fun.

If you want a better idea of how stylus can be used in a sentence, read these usage examples on Vocabulary.com. You can also visit this guide to learn how to use IPA symbols to show how different words are pronounced.

If you enjoy this daily challenge, try our vocabulary quizzes.


Students ages 13 and older in the United States and the United Kingdom, and 16 and older elsewhere, can comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff.

The Word of the Day is provided by Vocabulary.com. Learn more and see usage examples across a range of subjects in the Vocabulary.com Dictionary. See every Word of the Day in this column.

Discover the Latest Trends in 2025: Newest Developments

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Discover the Latest Trends in 2025: Newest Developments
  • The learner has the skill or skills; if they lack them, they can take content to skill up (however, the latter doesn’t appear in every system, as it relates to “content.”
  • Learner’s skills match an opportunity (some vendors list a percentage by it or identify the strengths of specific skills)
  • The learner sees the opportunities (some vendors list all the opportunities, even if the learner doesn’t have the skill set(s) for them)
  • Learner applies for that opportunity.
  • Manager reviews the opportunity (This I find is weird because often it is the current manager, not the hiring person. In the current manager reviews the opportunity item, they either accept or deny)
  • Assumption opportunity is a go – it goes to the hiring manager (For those systems that do not require the current manager to accept or deny)
  • The hiring manager or whomever either accepts the learner to go to the next step or denies it (often, the learner does not see the results. Rather, it is offline)
  • The approach angles not to those higher up, seeking opportunities that may align to them, say, director, senior director, VP, and so forth (I haven’t seen this in any of the opportunities, although I assume there has to be at least one system that offers it)
  • Some systems use AI in this aspect, ignoring fake or fake information and AI bias – an issue. Equally, some states require specific approaches – i.e., applying for a job, even if it is internal. There are vendors unaware.
  • Learner’s percentage of skill knowledge – Manager reviews the skill and validates or not (the latter is common, but the rate isn’t)
  • The assumption automatically that the learner’s skills or skill is 100% accurate – If I am a manager with 50 people or more under me, am I going to know the skill proficiency of my employees, especially if they are in various job roles on topics I am unfamiliar with?)
  • Content recommendation to boost that skill (I have seen this part, but again, even if listed, it doesn’t state the recommendation percentage, and more than standard, it becomes an assigned piece, which shouldn’t be the case. We are talking about learning and training, not you are a robot and here is a widget, so learn it – without any insight into what you already know parts of the widget)
  • Interests are often ignored even though systems have them – not all; it isn’t common.
  • There is never a skill for empathy, yet in a study I did with CEOs, the most common requirement they sought was empathy.
  • A pre-assumption that if someone is perfect for that opportunity, they will either get that opportunity or go to the next step.

Celebrating 1 million global learners of content and credentials from Microsoft

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Celebrating 1 million global learners of content and credentials from Microsoft

By Marni Baker Stein, Chief Content Officer, Coursera 

Today, we are proud to announce that more than 1 million learners have enrolled in courses, Specializations, projects, and Professional Certificates from Microsoft, an industry partner since 2021. Microsoft learners span 195+ countries, with India, the U.S., Canada, Pakistan, and the U.K. rounding out the top five.

Since partnering with us in April 2021, Microsoft has launched 23 Professional Certificates and 14 Specializations (encompassing 170+ courses) as well as 15 standalone courses and two Guided Projects – all in job-relevant topics ranging from cybersecurity and UX design to data analysis and AI. In November, we expanded our partnership with Microsoft with the first Professional Certificates from Xbox on Coursera: Xbox Product Manager and Xbox Graphic Designer.

“When we partnered with Coursera nearly four years ago, our goal was to help ensure everyone has the ability to learn the most in-demand Microsoft cloud and AI skills – including how to use Microsoft technology to augment their careers,”  said Geoff Hirsch, Head of Training Services Partner Channel, Microsoft. “I’m thrilled that we’ve inspired more than 1 million learners to enroll in our content and realize their potential.”

Learners have been particularly interested in learning how to use specific Microsoft tools in their day-to-day work. These are the top five Microsoft courses of all time on Coursera:

We are honored to work with such a dedicated partner like Microsoft, who shares our commitment to expanding access to world-class content and credentials. As we mark this incredible milestone of 1 million learners, we look forward to delivering even more courses and certificates that help learners everywhere succeed in an evolving labor market. 

Learners can find all of Microsoft’s content on Coursera here

Weekly Student News Quiz: Global Markets, N.C.A.A. Finals, a Tortoise

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Weekly Student News Quiz: Global Markets, N.C.A.A. Finals, a Tortoise

Above is an image related to one of the news stories we followed this past week. Do you know what it shows? At the bottom of this quiz, you’ll find the answer.

Have you been paying attention to current events recently? See how many of these 10 questions you can get right.

What Would You Like to Make?

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What Would You Like to Make?

What do you enjoy making by hand? Do you bake, embroider or draw? Create with wood, beads, leather, paper, yarn or metal?

When was the last time you made something, just for the fun of it?

For inspiration, take a look at a Times series called Art of Craft, which takes you inside the work spaces of specialists whose work rises to the level of art.

In the series so far, you can find people who blacksmith, blow glass, and sculpt nails, who make balloon art, piñatas, surfboards, lampshades, tissue paper banners, beadwork, tiny sculptures, cakes, guitars, violins, saddles, quilts, jewelry, embroidery and baskets.

For example, Mei Kawajiri, shown in the video at the top of this post, hand-paints and sculpts custom-designed nails. When she first came to New York City from Japan she was alone and spoke no English, and would walk miles with a portfolio of her designs looking for work. (In fact, she created 3-D croissant nails because she struggled to pronounce the word, and it was easier to just point at her nails when ordering at a cafe!)

Now, however, her nails are in great demand:

For at least a few days most weeks, Mei Kawajiri makes hotel calls to celebrities like Cardi B, Heidi Klum, Ariana Grande and Bad Bunny to whip up viral creations, often shared with her more than 343,000 Instagram followers. Her medium might be even more impressive: extravagant nail art — minutely detailed 3-D pastries, hand-drawn portraits of anime heroines and six-inch acrylics embedded with jewels and bits of lace.

Or, get to know the work of Leleo Kinimaka, who grew up in Hawaii and has carved out a career as a woodworker.

His creations — primarily the intricately designed surfboards known as alaia boards, which have been used by islanders to catch waves for centuries — both reflect his upbringing and celebrate his culture:

“When I make boards incorporating Hawaiian symbols and stories, that’s my absolute favorite,” Kinimaka said, admiring his handiwork. Running his fingers along the surface, he added: “See this curly golden grain here? That represents the god of the sea, Kanaloa. These triangles? They represent shark teeth, a symbol of power. The three diamonds intersecting here? That represents ohana — family.”

Here, you can watch him at work:

Or, read about Roberto Benavidez, who works with a traditional Mexican craft that much of the art world has been slow to recognize as anything but a children’s toy:

The piñata, because it’s made out of humble paper and designed to be obliterated, is not always thought of as art. The Los Angeles-based artist Roberto Benavidez has worked to change that.

“It is just this innocuous kids’ party game to many,” Benavidez said. “The piñata is so much more.”

Benavidez has transformed the traditional piñata into something much more elaborate, emulating birds and mythical creatures straight out of medieval artworks and texts. Inside his studio, there lives a menagerie of creations: A silver giraffe stands watch over a half-dozen exuberantly colored birds hanging from the ceiling. At his desk, Benavidez was busy working on a new addition to the flock: a blue Kingfisher.

Students, scroll through the Art of Craft series, read one or more articles in full, and then tell us:

  • Which of these stories or crafts interests you most? Why? What is impressive to you about it?

  • What do you make that brings you joy or satisfaction? If you don’t currently make anything, can you remember a time when you did? What do you get from crafting things with your hands that you may not get from other activities?

  • Is there a craft that you wish you could focus on so deeply that, like these specialists, your work could rise to the level of art?

  • What crafting traditions are there in your family? For example, maybe you have a grandparent or aunt or uncle who made furniture or wove blankets or was a metalworker. Is there anyone in your extended family who could teach you a craft of some kind?

  • What crafting traditions are a part of your ethnic, regional or religious heritage? What do you think those crafts can tell you about the culture that brought them about?

  • What, if anything, do you think is the difference between work that is considered “art” and work that is considered “craft”? Many of these articles allude to a line between the two. For example, in the story about the Indigenous beadworker Teri Greeves, we learn that even “as her own work is now in the collections of museums such as the Heard Museum in Phoenix, the Brooklyn Museum and the National Museum of the American Indian, Greeves identifies as her grandmother did: as a beadworker, not as an artist.” What, to you, separates art and craft? Why?

  • “Nails are such a powerful form of expression,” Kawajiri says — yet, like piñatas or beads or balloons, nails are not often thought of as art. What objects do you encounter every day — whether at home, in school, on the street, in stores or in terms of fashion — that strike you as a “powerful form of expression” that more people should notice and celebrate? What makes them interesting to you?


Students 13 and older in the United States and Britain, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public and may appear in print.

Find more Student Opinion questions here. Teachers, check out this guide to learn how you can incorporate these prompts into your classroom.