What do you think this image is saying? How does it relate to or comment on society or our world today? Can you relate to it personally? What is your opinion of its message?
Tell us in the comments, then read the related article to learn what this illustration is all about.
Find many more ways to use our Picture Prompt feature in this lesson plan. You can find all our Picture Prompts in this column.
Initially I was going to write about my forecasts for 2020. Then I realized that the post would mainly focus on one major trend that will impact the space in such a way (good, I believe), and thus as a result, decided to hold off on my forecasts for 2020 – until Oct.
As part of this trend, I’ve included some additional trends too, since they apply as well. Plus for fans of VR who want to know about that trend, it’s in this post, after the Hub.
For me though, the one Trend that will take the industry by storm (in fact, it is starting to appear with a few waves)…
The BIG Trend
In studying the industry these past nine months, a trend or a series of trends have been forming and one shines through over and over again. I’ve heard it from end users (not the trend, but what they are seeking). I’ve heard it from vendors. I’ve seen it, staring at me, wanting me to expose it for what it is, and what it can be. What it is and how it works, is going to be a gist of this post, because this trend, will change our industry, I believe for the better.
Many consumers, I surmise are doing it already without even realizing it, and even some vendors are too.
The HUB
Welcome to the Hub. The game changer in the industry, whereas every spoke is interconnected with the central component, the learning system. The Learning System can be an LMS, a Digital Learning Platform (formally known as an LXP), Learning Platform, Sales Enablement Platform, Employee Engagement Platform and so on.
The Center entity though is the main system. This is where everything is driven off or from if you will. And each component, off of each spoke, again interconnected goes from and in off the Center entity.
In each case, push and pull exists, because even if it is content from a 3rd party provider, which in the Hub it is, the content is sitting on the content provider’s server, and not directly within your learning system.
The Connectors
Each of those bubbles if you will are part of the collective (Borg are extra). They are a series of connectors. You can have more connectors or less than I have above, but what I have seen is that in most cases, the number seems to be four. But every trend is pointing towards six, hence the six connections. Again, you can have more as your grow, but within the six, could be subsets of each connector, which without over repetition (I know too late), is still six.
There isn’t any specific order in the Hub, because, wait for it.. they are all interconnected, so A can be D, D can lead to J and so forth. But, as you can see they all connect to the Center Connection – the main entity.
Here is how I define each connector and this is based on a series of trends that I am seeing.
Learning System Connector
Trends are pointing towards consumers selecting additional learning systems (think add-ons) to their main learning system. This does not mean everyone is adding a Digital Learning Platform (aka an LXP) to their LMS or an LMS to their DLP (aka LXP), but what it does point towards is a multi-set of learning solutions, rather than just one to handle everything. For example, if you are providing employee training and customer training, the trend is pointing towards people having a system for employees and another system for customers. Now, could one system handle both? Yes, absolutely, but overall, that is not what is occurring in the industry.
Other types of Learning System Connectors could be
The trend points towards separate coaching platforms, albeit more LMSs and even some DLPs are adding coaching/mentoring (the term lately used in replace of coaching) functionality. However, if you examine the e-learning industry from a system standpoint, coaching/mentoring standalone solutions are at a higher number than ever before in the space.
Apps
An app is often listed as a mobile app. Preferably on/off synch, but as I mentioned in my LinkedIn mini-post, most learning system vendors still are not on/off synch with said mobile app. The overwhelmingly focus vendors seem to be using their mobile app is for learning mastery, which surprise, surprise creates under utilization of all other functionality on the app (another post for another day on why that is, and what/how it can be resolved).
You can have multiple mobile apps with a learning system. Unicorn LMS for example, has a mobile app for their system, another for Minds-I, and then one for CPD. However, that is not the norm. The majority of vendors have two mobile apps – one for iOS and one for Android (and yes, it is easy to say one mobile app with two different OS versions).
System(s)
Nowadays clients are connecting their learning system to at least one other non-learning system, usually a HRIS or HCM platform. A push/pull of data is taking place. If you have a performance management/talent management system you might connect it to your learning system, which in turn is having it connect to another HCM or say a Payroll system for that matter. As noted earlier, each connector can have sub-connectors or if you prefer additional connectors expanding off the hub (I just positioned six).
Let’s say you have Salesforce. Well that is a system is it not? And you have Workday, but not Workday Learning. Rather you have Absorb LMS. Thus, under the systems connector you would have Salesforce Connector and Workday Connector tied to the learning system. With the learning system push/pull data to each one.
APIs/Integrations
Extremely popular in today’s e-learning industry. More and more vendors either are showing/visibility their API options (example: Mailchimp, Zapier, Office 365, etc.) or have experience with them and thus usually have the API documentation and thus the API ready to connect to your learning system. Integrations have always existed in the learning system space, so the new trend is frankly more and more integrations, without the need to do a customization integration thanks to… APIs. An API by the way stands for Application Program Interface. And you can have multiple APIs too (again sub-connectors), the proper term is called a Mashup (two or more APIs, and honestly more common than having only one API).
Content
A must in today’s learning system market. The trend line is showing that more and more 3rd party content shown in a learning system’s marketplace is visible. Then the client selects the content (most is fee-based, although some is free), and then the content is added or placed into the learning system. The end users (learners) can access it for free. This is 3rd party content, not content you as the client have created and uploaded or had someone upload for you into the system. 3rd party content providers include Open Sesame, LinkedIn Learning and Skillsoft to name a few.
When your learner is taking the content they “see” it in the learning system, in reality however, it is being housed on the content provider’s server, which is why content is another connector. And yes, it is highly likely you will have sub-sets of content connectors.
Two trends are appearing when it comes to 3rd party content and a learning system. First, the majority of consumers (defined by me as the client, and not a learner per se), are selecting two or more 3rd party content providers, when purchasing the content thru a marketplace, with an exception.
Secondly, there seems to be a trend that if a consumer purchases only one 3rd party content provider (if available in that vendor’s marketplace) – it is either LinkedIn Learning, Open Sesame, Udemy or Skillsoft.
A third trend in the 3rd party marketplace is the lack of foreign language, which is odd, when you consider that many end users buy/use mobile apps and software to learn a foreign language. Why foreign language offerings are not making a bigger dent in the content provider marketplaces, is due to a series of factors which include among other things, lack of interest by learning system vendors to add them (#1 reason), and a lack of interest among foreign language providers to offer their content in the marketplace and those that do, tend to be very picky, which uh, doesn’t make sense.
Another factor of the lack of foreign language is due to the non listing of foreign language as an interest in any DLP (aka LXP) in the market. I’ve yet to see one that offers end users (under their options of interests or topics) a foreign language or languages. Clearly, people have an interest (otherwise nobody would be using Dulingo or Babbell mobile apps for example).
Tools
Common Tools (trend wise are)
What is of interest is that a trend line is clearly pointing towards consumers having at least two SaaS tools for their learning system. I believe this will stay true for 2020, and likely will expand to at least three tools.
XR Trend
Before you race over to the latest XR trade show with learning (XR is the umbrella term for VR, AR and MR), I’d hold off buying that ticket. While VR is popular with big companies such as Wal-Mart, and other companies who have the financial purse strings to buy custom VR content, the majority of companies even F500 and Global 2000 are in a hold pattern. Mid-market, SMB and Small business too.
There are multiple barriers that are causing the hold and it won’t change in 2020, although there is a glimmer of hope – one 3rd party VR and AR content provider (360Immersive – be aware the web site is a tad confusing and implies they only do safety VR, which is erroneous, because they sell canned content across multiple verticals) who has canned (off the shelf content) with course standards, SCORM 1.2 and xAPI. I expect them to make a small dent, but most 3rd party VR content is not off the shelf and VR authoring tools are misleading in terms of true VR.
Current Barriers to mass usage of VR content in the e-learning space include:
AR is a far better route to go, because most folks already have a mobile device, so AR will work with it, but finding off the shelf content for AR for learning/training isn’t that simple (again, that one vendor, could change that).
MR is the future, but not ready for prime time in 2020. The Samsung HMD Odyssey is far the best MR headset, and that isn’t saying much. Content is the major issue here, okay capabilities too.
Bottom Line
Interconnected.
Intertwined.
Introducing the Hub
It is already in full view,
Now get ready to see it fully utilized, in
2020.
E-Learning 24/7
Ken Sun, Director of Product Management, Coursera
What did you learn in your last course on Coursera? What were the important concepts presented each week? Could you draw one graph the instructor used? If recalling these facts feels tough, you’re not alone. Humans tend to lose 40% of information within the first 24 hours after hearing or reading it, with the recall rate dropping significantly as time goes on. To tackle this natural struggle, we’ve developed new note-taking functionalities on Coursera.
Actively engaging in the learning process via note-taking is tied to increased retention and comprehension. To help you get the most out of Coursera, we’ve fine-tuned the platform’s note-taking, highlighting, and centralized note functionalities, combining the seemingly old-school tradition (a.k.a. frantically scribbling down key concepts during a lecture) with 21st century capabilities.
Snagging Important Imagery
Screengrabs are a great way to tuck away graphs, drawings, and other visuals instructors might show during a course. Via our note-taking functionalities, we’ve made capturing and organizing images easier than ever.
While watching a lecture, you can click the “Save Note” button below the video and save a screenshot to their course notes. You’re the only one who can view your course notes, where you can add your own commentary, for example what to observe in a given graph, and easily delete any saved lecture screenshots. While watching a lecture, corresponding notes can be accessed in real time via a sidebar on the right side of the screen.
Without pausing the video, learners can simply click a button to capture a lecture screenshot.
No Highlighter? No Problem.
Although pictures are worth a thousand words, we know sometimes you need to remember a specific fact or phrase spoken by an instructor. As with all courses on Coursera, you have a full lecture transcript beneath each video that tracks an instructor’s voice. We’ve made it easy to pick words in that transcript you want to highlight.
Learners can highlight within the transcript without missing the video lecture, which is visible “picture-in-picture” style in the lower-right hand corner of the screen.
When an important concept comes along, you can highlight that phrase within the transcript and click the “Save Note” pop up button. The highlight will then appear in your course notes section. As with screenshots, highlights can be edited or deleted and are accessible during a lecture via the sidebar. Additionally, saved highlights can be deleted directly within the transcript with a “Delete Note” pop up button.
Highlights can be easily saved or deleted directly in the lecture transcript.
A Virtual Notebook
To keep you organized and ready for a post-lecture review session, we’ve created a centralized location, a sort of digital note-keeping binder, where all of your saved images and other notes can be stored. This unified review page can be accessed from the course homepage. Notes for the course can then be viewed all at once or thematically, module by module.
Navigate directly from a course’s homepage to the unified review page to access all notes in one place.
Starting (and Ending) Courses on a High Note
Although retention is a challenge for many of us, it’s one we can identify and address. Currently, note-taking is available on both desktop and mobile. Highlighting capabilities and the unified review page are live on desktop and coming soon for mobile.
With the variety of options available, you can find a note-taking method that best fits your learning style. And most importantly, by using our new note-taking tools you will be able to better retain information, ultimately fostering a more engaging and beneficial learning experience for any course.
verb: give off unsteady sounds, alternating in amplitude or frequency
verb: sing or play with trills, alternating with the half note above or below
noun: a tremulous sound
noun: a musical note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note
_________
The word quaver has appeared in 24 articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on Jan. 10 in “Andy Murray Announces Retirement This Year” by Ben Rothenberg:
Though often in the shadow of the others in the Big Four of men’s tennis — Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal — Murray is considered by many the greatest sportsman in Scottish history. He was knighted at 29.
Just two years later, with a ranking of 230 after the injury layoff, Murray accepted his mortality in the sport. The weight of the decision was obvious in his news conference on Friday, when he broke down after the opening question: “How are you feeling, and how is the hip injury?”
“Yeah, not great,” Murray said, his voice quavering. He then sighed and let his emotions flood in, and left the interview room for about three minutes to compose himself.
_________
: completely satisfactory
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The word copacetic has appeared in eight articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on Feb. 2 in the Opinion essay “The Real Legacy of the 1970s” by Michael Tomasky:
Inflation changed how Americans thought about their economic relationships to their fellow citizens — which is to say, inflation and its associated economic traumas changed who we were as a people. It also called into question the economic assumptions that had guided the country since World War II, opening the door for new assumptions that have governed us ever since. Here is the story:
The United States of the 1960s experienced many social upheavals. But in one realm, all was copacetic. The economy roared. The gross domestic product was increasing between 2 percent and 6 percent, wages grew, jobs were stable. The year 1968 was an annus horribilis — assassinations, riots, a bitter presidential race. But the Economic Report of the President for that year reflected at length on — imagine this — “the problem of prosperity.”
_________
We’ve been welcoming student writers to our site for years, inviting them to post thoughts to our daily prompts, analyze multimedia compositions in our live-moderated forums, and submit formal work to our many annual contests.
But there has long been a missing piece. Though we’ve provided plenty of places to practice, we’ve only occasionally published resources to help teach young people how to write.
This school year, we’re making up for that gap with a new series called Mentor Texts.
If the term is new to you, here is how the National Writing Project defines it:
Mentor texts are pieces of literature that you — both teacher and student — can return to and reread for many different purposes. They are texts to be studied and imitated … Mentor texts help students to take risks and be different writers tomorrow than they are today. It helps them to try out new strategies and formats. They should be [texts] that students can relate to and can even read independently or with some support.
And of course, a mentor text doesn’t have to be in the form of a book — a mentor text might be a poem, a newspaper article, song lyrics, comic strips, manuals, essays, almost anything.
Thanks to the 1,000-plus fresh articles published every week on NYTimes.com, we’re in no danger of running out of possible material. In fact, the hardest part of creating this series may be choosing from among too many good options.
In general, though, each edition in the series will …
Spotlight an excellent piece of writing published in The New York Times, whether on the front page or from sections like Opinion, Arts, Science, Sports, Business, Food, Travel or Style.
Try to demystify for students the effective craft moves writers make, then provide exercises that invite them to try those same moves in their own work.
Show students how the writing genres they study in school can be used in real-world contexts.
You can find the whole series in this column, beginning with several intended to support narrative writing. We’ve created these — on telling short, memorable stories; using details to show rather than tell; crafting a narrative arc; and more — to accompany the first unit of our yearlong Writing Curriculum, which will culminate in a Personal Narrative Essay Contest for students. Over the course of the school year, we’ll also be creating Mentor Text editions to support argumentative, informational and analytic writing, among other genres.
Do you wish you could easily bring current issues and events into English, social studies, science or math class? For example, would you like your students to develop arguments using topics they care about, like social media, football, pop culture or the criminal justice system? Do you wish they could connect what they’re studying in class to themes and controversies relevant to today’s world, on issues from race, gender and identity to genetics and climate change?
Every school day we publish fresh writing prompts inspired by current New York Times articles, photography, art and even graphs. In this 43-minute webinar, recorded live in Feb. 2019, join Learning Network editors, along with guest students and their teachers, to explore how to use our thousands of free writing prompts for everyday low-stakes writing practice across the curriculum.
We discuss ways teachers can:
• Develop students’ argument, narrative and creative writing skills;
• Connect to cross-curricular themes and questions, from the American dream to the role of technology in our lives, and to academic subjects from genetics to immigration;
• Easily bring current events into the classroom;
• Offer an authentic audience for student voice on the important issues and questions facing our society.
Whether your students are already writing sophisticated paragraphs or just learning English as a new language, our daily writing prompts also provide a safe, moderated forum where teenagers can share their ideas publicly and engage in civil discussion with other students from around the world.
Walk away from this webinar with practical strategies for bringing more engaging and relevant writing into classrooms from middle school to college.
Resource List: In this PDF you can find links to all the resources we discuss in this webinar.
Original Webinar: You can watch the original, unedited webinar here and download a professional development certificate at the end. The webinar is free, but registration is required.
John White and Jay McGillen, A.P. English Language & Composition Teachers at Danvers High School in Danvers, Mass.
Meghan Miraglia (12th Grade) and Ezra Lombardi (11th Grade), Students at Danvers High School in Danvers, Mass.
Teachers have the power to evoke the innate wisdom, curiosity and joy children have for learning. Beyond that, many teachers take their passion for inspiring the next generation into leadership and policy opportunities. Which is precisely what the Master of Education from Curtin University can help you do.
Dr Brad Gobby, coordinator of the course, was once a high school teacher. During this period of his life, he grew frustrated by having to teach prescribed curriculum regardless of whether his students were engaging with the material.
Today, he’s a lecturer and researcher at Curtin University. As well as coordinating a course that is shaping the future of education, he spends his time investigating government policies and looking into the consequences they have for education. He’s dedicated to helping teachers create better learning experiences for their students.
If you’re a teacher who finds yourself pining for the same power to change education at a large scale, Brad invites you to look into the Master of Education from Curtin University.
Through the course, he draws wisdom from education philosophies like the Reggio Emilia approach, which proposes that the teacher is not the expert, but instead, is just like the student – on a journey of discovery.
According to Brad, teachers need to approach education with innovation, not simply by doing things because they’ve always been done that way.
“We want people who can challenge established practices,” he says.
For teachers looking to take their influence on education beyond the classroom, this course offers three key areas of study:
Explore how STEM can be applied in schools, what a STEM curriculum might look like, and ways to facilitate teaching and learning that is effective across all phases of schooling.
Develop an understanding of what it means to teach people from diverse backgrounds, or in diverse communities.
Examin effective ways to teach, and how teaching can be influenced by local context.
With OUA, you can study the Master of Education online – perfect for if you’re busy juggling lesson plans and report writing already.
You’ll gain the same degree and same knowledge as the students who study on campus, but you’ll also get the flexibility of online study, including the ability to learn wherever you are, study at your own pace, and join a supportive, connected online community of other education professionals.
To express your interest in this course, or any that we offer – fill out the form on this page, and we’ll put you in touch with a friendly student advisor.
If you’re keen to explore on your own, simply head over to our website to browse the extensive catalogue of courses from universities across Australia.
Bachelor of Education (Secondary Education)– Curtin University
Graduate Certificate in Training and Development – Griffith University
Master of Education – Griffith University
Master of Educational Leadership – Australian Catholic University
References:
(1) Carlson, K. A. (2011). The impact of humor on memory: Is the humor effect about humor?. Humor – International Journal of Humor Research, 24(1), 21-41.
(2) Strick, M., Holland, R. W., Van Baaren, R., & Van Knippenberg, A. (2009). Humor in the eye tracker: Attention capture and distraction from context cues. The Journal of General Psychology: Experimental, Psychological, and Comparative Psychology, 137(1), 37-48.
(3) Cheng, D., & Wang, L. (2015). Examining the energizing effects of humor: The influence of humor on persistence behavior. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30(4), 759-772.
(4) Ziv, A. (1988). Teaching and learning with humor: Experiment and replication. The Journal of Experimental Education, 57(1), 4-15.
(5) Garner, R. L. (2006). Humor in pedagogy: How ha-ha can lead to aha!. College Teaching, 54(1), 177-180.
(6) Banas, J. A., Dunbar, N., Rodriguez, D., & Liu, S. J. (2011). A review of humor in educational settings: Four decades of research. Communication Education, 60(1), 115-144.
(7) Wanzer, M. B., Frymier, A. B., & Irwin, J. (2010). An explanation of the relationship between instructor humor and student learning: Instructional humor processing theory. Communication Education, 59(1), 1-18.
Welcome to the first edition of Teenagers in The Times for the 2019-2020 school year. This roundup of news and feature stories about young people that have recently appeared across sections of NYTimes.com publishes on the first Thursday of each month, from September until June.
For ideas about how to use Teenagers in The Times with your students, please see our lesson plan and special activity sheet, both of which can be used with this or any other edition.
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Civics, Politics, Economics and Business
A Summer Camp on the Border, Where the Border Crisis Feels Far Away
These teenagers, many the children of migrants, are growing up in the shadow of a national conversation about immigration. They feel the stereotypes. But at camp, “it’s way different.”
Urban-Farming Camps Have Kids Asking, Where’s the Healthy Food?
At summer programs in Harlem and the Bronx, children grow crops and talk about the limited sources of good nutrition in their neighborhoods.
At Least 10 Shot at Alabama High School Football Game, Police Say
One teenager was charged in connection with the shooting, which took place Friday night, officials said.
What Will Indefinite Detention Do to Migrant Kids?
“The evidence is clear: No detention center is safe and healthy for children,” states this Opinion essay.
Meet the Students Fueling Hong Kong’s Protests: ‘We May Die’
Antigovernment protests have raged all summer, aided by student activists. How will they be heard after they go back to school? Here’s what they told us.
With No Boys Born in Nearly 10 Years, a Polish Village Finds Fame in Its Missing Males
Over nearly a decade, all 12 children born in the farming hamlet of Miejsce Odrzanskie have been girls, an oddity that has drawn international attention.
An American Middle Schooler, Orphaned by Deportation
Fanny was in middle school when ICE came for her mother, leaving her to navigate the struggles of adolescence by herself.
Arkansas Woman Charged Over Holding Four Black Teenagers at Gunpoint
The boys were raising money for their football team. The woman, identified as Jerri Kelly, 46, is facing charges of aggravated assault and false imprisonment.
Man Attacks Boy Who Refused to Remove Hat for National Anthem, Officials Say
Curt Brockway was charged with a felony after grabbing the 13-year-old and slamming him to the ground, the authorities in Montana said.
Jeffrey Epstein Raped Me When I Was 15
“Now I’m suing his estate and accomplices,” writes the author of this Opinion essay.
She Was Arrested at 14. Then Her Photo Went to a Facial Recognition Database.
With little oversight, the N.Y.P.D. has been using powerful surveillance technology on photos of children and teenagers.
Regardless of a child’s age or challenges, parents can encourage sound homework routines for a successful start to the school year.
Dorm to Table: College Start-Ups Take Aim at Food Industry
College entrepreneurs who focus on food products face their own set of challenges, including waste and food safety regulations, experts say.
How Paying for College Is Changing Middle-Class Life
“When getting a degree is seen as a moral obligation, families will spend whatever it takes,” states this Opinion writer.
Want to Pay Off a Student’s Debt? At Morehouse, Donors Now Can
Morehouse unveiled a program last week in which the school will solicit donations that would go directly to paying off its students’ loans.
To Graduate, File a Fafsa, More High School Seniors Are Told
More states are requiring it, and students who complete the form are more likely to attend college — especially low-income pupils, says a group that promotes college education.
How to Cut College Dropout Rates
This Opinion essay writer argues, “Attention to personal needs like mentoring, flexible scheduling and public transportation vouchers can help students in public colleges graduate on time.”
How a State Plans to Turn Coal Country Into Coding Country
Driven by a tech-industry vision of rural economic revival, Wyoming is requiring all of its K-12 public schools to offer computer science.
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Science, Health, Technology and Sports
A Teenage NASCAR Driver Is Content to Go Slow for Now
Hailie Deegan, 18, has high hopes for her racing career, and the confidence that success will come in good time.
Cutting the Cord: What Parents and Teenagers Need to Know
In her Help Desk column, Judith Newman shares books on “adulting” — learning the skills we need to make it in the world, without Mom or Dad at the ready.
YouTube Said to Be Fined Up to $200 Million for Children’s Privacy Violations
The fine, from the Federal Trade Commission, could have significant repercussions for other social media platforms that are popular with children.
I Couldn’t Say ‘My Mother’ Without Crying
“Losing a family member at a young age has lasting impacts, well into adulthood. There’s no quick fix for childhood grief,” says this Opinion essay writer.
Back to School With Narrow Escapes and a Mother’s Love
After a summer in rehab, using a zombie escape room as a test for a college student’s readiness to launch.
Fortnite Fortunes and Freakouts: Parents Grapple With an Obsession
Fortnite, the widely popular video game, can lead to big financial wins for teenagers. But Times readers say its use also has parents struggling over when to say enough.
“For youngsters these days, an hour of free play is like a drop of water in the desert. Of course they’re miserable,” this Opinion essay writer contends.
Surf therapy programs often focus on children with autism or anxiety, or groups like veterans or cancer survivors.
Give Your Teenager a Credit Card? Some Financial Experts Say Yes
Parents should monitor spending and explain how to pay the bill on time. A financial planner says teenagers should get a card. “We live in a credit-driven society.”
Surgeon General Warns Pregnant Women and Teenagers Not to Smoke or Vape Marijuana
Dr. Jerome Adams, the surgeon general, said they may be unaware that modern crops pose greater health risks because of their potency.
Dozens of Young People Hospitalized for Breathing and Lung Problems After Vaping
Patients, mostly teenagers, suffered severe respiratory problems in recent weeks, possibly from vaping marijuana, illicit drugs or nicotine.
‘Juul-alikes’ Are Filling Shelves With Sweet, Teen-Friendly Nicotine Flavors
Juul, worried about further damage to its reputation as it tries to remake its public image, has filed lawsuits and a complaint with the International Trade Commission.
Books to Ease the Transition to Middle School
In Pablo Cartaya’s ‘Each Tiny Spark,’ Carolyn Mackler’s ‘Not if I Can Help It’ and Kristin Mahoney’s ‘The 47 People You’ll Meet in Middle School,’ kids navigate the toughest crossing.
