fbpx
Home Blog Page 1313

Elaboration as Self-explanation

0
Elaboration as Self-explanation

Self-explanation has been shown to be related to better understanding of concepts (2). In a correlational study, where the researchers identified which students used self-explanation naturally and compared this to performance on a concept test, Chi and colleagues showed that those who self-explained performed better. Chi and his research team wanted to know whether engaging in self-explanation would cause students to understand, the concepts better, so they conducted a true experiment (3). In this study 8th graders were prompted to self-explain after reading each line of a text. In the control group, the students were not prompted to self explain (they just read twice to fill the learning time). Those in the self-explanation group learned more from the reading than did the control. Within the self-explanation group, those that produced more self-explanations showed greater understanding than those who produced fewer self-explanations.

Chi and colleagues emphasize that they did not train the students in this experiment to self-explain. Instead, they explained that the purpose of the experiment was to learn more about how students read and learn from a textbook. They were asked to read every line carefully (each on a separate sheet of paper). For self-explanation, they were told “we would like you to read each sentence out loud and then explain what it means to you. That is, what new information does each line provide for you, how does it relate to what you’ve already read, does it give you a new insight into your understanding of how the circulatory system works, or does it raise a question in your mind. Tell us whatever is going through your mind—even if it seems unimportant” (p. 477). In addition, in their method section, they write “…the students were told to explain what each sentence means. The students had absolutely no trouble carrying out this general instruction. The prompt given by the experimenter after every sentence was very general, more analogous to a reminder. In fact, after a few initial prompts, the students often proceeded with self-explaining without any further prodding” (p. 451).

Thus, from this article, it seems that at least some students do not need much instruction to self-explain. However, logically it makes sense that some students may be better at self-explaining than others. (And, there has even been some discussion online very recently about individual differences in the ability to think silently to oneself, or the inner monologue!) In searching online for resources to pass along to the staff at Brisbane State High School, I found a website with self-explanation prompting questions and statements that instructors could use to prompt students who naturally self-explain less than others. We also have a blog written by a student explaining how she uses self-explanation to study math.

Overall, it seems that self-exlanation could be a relatively easy way for students to develop their understanding of the material that they are learning. Further, students can work their way up to describing and explaining the concepts from memory to themselves, or to a peer (retrieval practice!).

Optimism

0
Optimism

Are you an optimist? Is it easy for you to look on the bright side of things? Is it difficult to feel hopeful but you strive to do it anyway? How do you maintain a cheery disposition?

Or is pessimism your prevailing mind-set? If so, do you wish you could be a more optimistic person. Or do you believe it’s a naïve worldview?

Tell us in the comments, then read the related article for tips on how to be more optimistic.


Find many more ways to use our Picture Prompt feature in this lesson plan. You can find all our Picture Prompts in this column.

Sibling Dynamics

0
Sibling Dynamics

Do you have siblings? How many? Are you close with them or do you often squabble?

What special memories do you have of sibling bonding, family quirks and growing up together? If you clash with your brothers and sisters, what are the reasons? Do you hope to improve the relationship someday?

If you are an only child, do you wish you had brothers and sisters, or do you like being on your own? Do you have other family members or friends who fill that role?

Tell us in the comments, then read the related article to learn more about how to get along with your siblings.


Find many more ways to use our Picture Prompt feature in this lesson plan. You can find all our Picture Prompts in this column.

Word + Quiz: circumstantial

0
Word + Quiz: circumstantial

1. based primarily on surmise rather than adequate evidence

2. fully detailed and specific about particulars

_________

The word circumstantial has appeared in 59 articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on Sept. 29 in the Opinion essay “Three Billion Canaries in the Coal Mine” by Margaret Renkl:

NASHVILLE — During the nearly quarter-century that my family has lived in this house, the changes in our neighborhood have become increasingly apparent: fewer trees and wildflowers, fewer bees and butterflies and grasshoppers, fewer tree frogs and songbirds. The vast majority of Tennessee is still rural, and for years I told myself that such changes were merely circumstantial, specific to a city undergoing rapid gentrification and explosive growth. I wasn’t trying to save the world by putting up nest boxes for the birds or letting the wildflowers in my yard bloom out before mowing. I was hoping only to provide a small way station for migrating wildlife, trusting they would be fine once they cleared the affluence zone that is the New Nashville.

I was wrong. A new study in the journal Science reports that nearly 3 billion North American birds have disappeared since 1970. That’s 29 percent of all birds on this continent. The data are both incontrovertible and shocking. “We were stunned by the result,” Cornell University’s Kenneth V. Rosenberg, the study’s lead author, told The Times.

_________

What Students Are Saying About Lessons on Slavery, Meme Culture and an Adventurous Kayaker

0
What Students Are Saying About Lessons on Slavery, Meme Culture and an Adventurous Kayaker

white, turquoise, blues, greens, a current pulls forward, over the edge. The river flows onward, all water that flows with it goes over, it is a moment of uncertainty in a linear life. All people face such drops, they are natural, and to fall over the ledge only advances the world you know. what lies at the bottom, at the end of the drop, is unknown, and uncertainty pushes one forward …

William L, Glenbard West High School

Water, water, water, water:
Surrounding me,
Rushing,
Gushing,
Spewing over mountain tops,
Looking for an escape,
Looking for a thrill.
Water, water, water, water:
Ever-flowing,
Never slowing,
Always changing,
Condensing, evaporating, precipitating.
Water, water, water, water:
Why can’t I be like you?
Brave, fierce, determined,
I’m stuck in my human prison
Yet you’ve never understood confinement,
I need you for life,
Yet you need no one.
Water, water, water, water:
You see the bright flame,
And head towards it with no abandon,
Reckless with your life,
So that at least it was worth living,
Why can’t I be like you?
Water, water, water, water.

Laura Arbona, Hoggard High School in Wilmington, NC

Dang it, I think to myself. This is what happens when I don’t eat breakfast. It’s too late, as I let the power of the water and gravity pull me down. I feel the mixed rush of adrenaline and fear jolt through my body like electricity. This is what I love. I crave that moment of feeling weightless in the air — the perfect mix of that drop tower thrill with a little bit of crazy mixed into it. Then, I relax. My once shut eyes open hesitantly, as I marvel at the view for the longest three seconds of my life. The frigid water bites at my face as I hit the water with a big SLAP. When my vision clears, I can see the world with a whole new view.

Hope Heinrichs, Hoggard High School in Wilmington, NC

Did she really mean it? Is she really gone? These thoughts race through my head as I make my way down the rushing river. With every paddle I can feel myself getting closer and closer to a choice I can never take back, a choice that could end my life. It all started last night when Elizebeth my wife of four years, my only true soulmate left me.

We had been fighting for months but I never thought she would leave. I can feel the rush of the water picking up as I approach my demise. I am now seemly flying though the water as I decide I don’t want to do it, but it’s too late. As my kayak emerges over the edge, my heart begins to race knowing this is my final seconds. As I fall a calm overcomes my body, the water almost as blue as Elizabeth’s eyes looks inviting. I am ready to go as I close my eyes and accept my fate.

Dave, Glenbard West HS, Glen Ellyn, IL

Visions of grandeur
Sensations of earth surround
I embrace the fall

Joe Keller, Hoggard High School in Wilmington NC

Just before we fall
Remember what’s important
You will rise again

Jason Quinteros, Glenbard West HS, Glen Ellyn, IL

Word + Quiz: aide-de-camp

0
Word + Quiz: aide-de-camp

: an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer

_________

The term aide-de-camp has appeared in five articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on July 12 in “Young Afghan General Tries to Overhaul Police With American Way of War” by Thomas Gibbons-Neff:

General Sadat’s quick rise, without the close familial ties with high-ranking government officials that usually ensure promotion in the Afghan military, was noticed. He was picked to attend the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst in England, where he graduated in 2007. In 2009, Gen. Stanley McChrystal, the top American commander in Afghanistan at the time, quickly took Mr. Sadat, then a major, as his aide-de-camp.

General Sadat describes General McChrystal as an important mentor, and his time with the American cemented his reputation as a rising young Afghan leader. But his Western friends and the hard-charging style he and other young officers embraced made them targets for the Afghan president at the time.

_________

4 don’ts of successful blog

0
4 don’ts of successful blog

4 don'ts of successful blog

You often ask us what to do to make your blog grow. Should you write more? Pay for promotion? Invest more? Unfortunately, there is no one simple rule you can follow. What you can do instead, is learn about things that help you grow and those which can hurt your blog. Today we are sharing with you a simple list of 4 DON’TS of a successful blog.


#1 A successful blog isn’t cluttered!

Don’t pack your site with unnecessary design elements and images. Less is more! If your site takes too long to load people will get bored and go somewhere else.

Make sure that content that is important for you is clearly visible. Decide what is the core of your site and make it pop up.

Decluttering your blog to make it succeed

If you have a blog, you want your new and featured content to be visible somewhere at the top of your site and your bio information somewhere at the bottom. With personal websites (if you are a book author or a coach) you may prefer to reverse this order.


#2 Avoid harsh colors and Unreadable Fonts

It is mostly a matter of preferences however, the general rule of thumb will be staying away from loud or bold color schemes and colored post areas. Also, your fonts should be readable. Script fonts are fine for logos but keep with a basic font for posts. Don’t make your audience work. They should feel comfortable while visiting your site.

Not all color combinations will be good for the eye. Something that may look good for a moment may become annoying when you need to look at it for a longer period of time.

Try to look on your site as you would be just a normal visitor and decide on your own if you would be able to read all the content without any problems.

To give you some idea about not so good colors and fonts combinations below you will find a text written in two fonts – Opulent and Geometrica.

Example of good and bad font pair for a successful blog

Even thou both sides are using the same fonts, text on the left is much easier to read. Using too light fonts, too dark background for darker fonts or capitalized script fonts is usually a bad idea if you are not experienced in design.

If you looking for font advice make sure to visit our typography section.


#3 Don’t be incompatible

Nowadays the most important thing for every website is its compatibility with mobile devices. Our statistics say that over 30% of you are browsing Designer Blogs on mobile devices. You want to make sure that those visitors can also read your posts and access all content.

It can be achieved by picking a design that is mobile responsive.

All our premade Blogger and WordPress themes (and the custom made ones!) are mobile responsive to make sure your site looks perfect on different screen sizes.


#4 Weak navigation is your enemy

Your audience should know what your site is about the second they arrive. Navbars and drop-down menus can help with organization. We can help you with adding and setting them up so make sure to visit our accessories shop.

People don’t want to hassle trying to find your information. But your site shouldn’t contain too many buttons either. You want to give direct information without confusing your reader. My general rule of thumb is not more than 7 buttons on the main menu.

You should avoid getting so many menu buttons that they cover more than one horizontal line when viewed on the computer screen.

Do you have a successful blog?

Share your tips in the comments below and let us all learn together. For more tutorials and blogging tips visit our huge tutorial database.

To make the post easier to remember, pin the below graphic to your Pinterest board so you can come back to it whenever it will be needed.

Four things to avoid when creating a successful blog

Would You Ever Consider Becoming Vegetarian?

0
Would You Ever Consider Becoming Vegetarian?

Find all our Student Opinion questions here.

Are there foods that you eat with your family that you would feel uncomfortable eating with your friends?

In the Opinion essay “I Admire Vegetarians. It’s a Choice I Won’t Ever Make,” Alicia P.Q. Wittmeyer writes about how central meat is in her family’s culture, and therefore how difficult it would be to ever give it up. She writes:

Just before New Year’s, I posted a photo of a giant roast pig on Instagram.

I paused before I did it, and at first I wasn’t exactly sure why. I had the brief thought that by Western standards, the photo might be deemed a little graphic: The head of the pig was still attached, its cheeks sliced open. But that wasn’t really the source of my reluctance — we all know pork chops once had heads.

I was hesitating, I realized, simply because a giant roast pig is so ostentatious — so flagrantly, flauntingly meaty. And I felt uneasy because I was posting such a spectacle of meat at a time when many were making resolutions to not eat any meat at all.

I’ve recently watched so many people around me become vegetarians, or sometimes vegans. They are doing so for reasons — both moral and environmental — I understand and support. But I’ve been awed by the seeming casualness with which they make these decisions. I admire them and at the same time know that this choice is one I will almost certainly never make.

I felt this tension when I ate the pig. My mom had bought it — an expensive indulgence — for the end-of-chemo party she was throwing herself at the midway point of being treated for breast cancer. In southern Chinese culture — a sphere of which my Chinese Malaysian family is a part — whole roast pigs are brought out for special occasions: weddings, funerals, festivals. My mom can recall hauling one, not yet roasted, into the jungle each year on Tomb Sweeping Day to visit her grandfather’s grave. He’s buried in the jungle because he died there after his family fled their home during World War II.

I felt the same tension a week later when, after I’d returned home to London, I went with a newly vegan friend to the farmers market. She bought mushrooms and I, feeling slightly sheepish, bought chicken breasts that I wanted to use to make Malaysian chicken rice, which I did later that night, sending a picture of the results to my mom back in Kuala Lumpur, where she asked about the quality of the chili sauce.

And I’ve felt it in the weeks since, which I’ve spent on an unabashed — or rather, slightly abashed — Malaysian food kick, newly insistent on procuring wax duck and wax sausage for Lunar New Year even as I’ve stopped picking the options with meat in them at lunchtime fast-casual restaurants.

Later in the essay, Ms. Wittmeyer suggests that other people share her same concerns:

What I am saying is simply that I don’t think I’m alone in feeling this tension. Such feelings transcend race and ethnicity, but I happen to be part of a generation of Asian-Americans whose parents came over (and then, in some cases, went back) after the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. There is a whole cohort of people at this moment who are around my age, with parents who are getting older, who are having children of their own and contemplating what sort of relationship they’ll be able to offer these children to the distant countries their families are from, even as they contemplate what sort of future they can offer their children at all. Amid all this, food remains an important link in a connection that can sometimes feel tenuous. When I asked a friend about her New Year’s resolutions, she said one of them was to cook only Vietnamese food for the month of January.

In “The Omnivore’s Dilemma,” published in 2006, before the connection between diet and climate change had become so mainstream, Michael Pollan wrote about his reluctance to become fully vegetarian. To do so, he wrote, would mean losing something along the way that “I’m not prepared to dismiss as trivial”; that what seems like such a simple decision, to stop eating meat, has a way of alienating us from our histories and our traditions and the people around us. It is an unideal irony that the pull of these forces has become stronger for me even as combating climate change becomes ever more urgent.

The throughline to all of this, of course, is modernity. Modernity made our families this way, scattering them around the globe, leaving some of us feeling insecure in our roots. Modernity is why I must fly more than 6,500 miles to see my mom, leaving almost a ton of carbon dioxide behind each time I do. Modernity is why she can get first-class cancer treatment in Malaysia, at a specialist hospital where they brag about their radiotherapy machine. Modernity is why we can buy the roast pig; it is why we feel that we have to eat it, even if perhaps we should not, because not eating it would fundamentally change who we are.

Students, read the entire essay, then tell us:

  • Are you a vegetarian or vegan? Have you ever considered becoming a vegetarian? Do you have any friends or family members who don’t eat meat? What do you find compelling about vegetarianism? What would you find challenging about it?

  • How important is meat in your diet? How important is it in your family’s cultural traditions? Would your family be offended or concerned if you ever tried to give up eating meat?

  • Ms. Wittmeyer argues that “food remains an important link” to traditions, home countries and ancestral lands. Are there certain recipes that your family holds dear, for holidays, other celebrations or even just everyday meals? Does your family bond over preparing and eating particular dishes? Are there meals that remind you of family or conjure memories of the place you or they are from? Would you ever consider giving up any of these foods, for either moral, environmental or health reasons?

  • Are there any foods that you currently eat — or don’t eat — that make family meals a little uncomfortable?

  • Are there foods that you eat with your family that you would feel uncomfortable eating with your friends? Please share.


Students 13 and older are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public.

Supporting the fight against Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak through online education

0
Supporting the fight against Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak through online education

Thomas A. Finholt, Dean, School of Information, University of Michigan

Jeff Maggioncalda, Chief Executive Officer of Coursera

Coursera, the University of Michigan School of Information, and the Center for Academic Innovation are responding to the Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak by offering students in China three of our most popular data science Specializations essentially free for students in that country.

UMSI has had a longstanding relationship with students, faculty and institutions in China. A substantial number of Chinese students choose to learn with the school as part of its residential degrees.  Some UMSI faculty received education or degrees in China, and some conduct research there. So when we heard about the challenges faced by scholars and collaborators in China, we knew we wanted to do something to express our concern and lend a hand.

After discussing it, Coursera and UMSI have decided the most valuable thing we can offer is the ability to continue learning, even when international travel might be limited. We chose three of our most-popular Specializations, and we’re offering them for the next six months for $1 a month to students from China. Having a small charge associated with the account allows for verification of the certificate when the Specialization is completed.

The three Specializations are Python for Everybody, the most popular Specialization on Coursera; Python 3 Programming; and Applied Data Science with Python. Each includes all the features of the paid version of the Specializations, including UMSI faculty instructors and final certifications.

There are no additional charges, fees, or other costs involved for Chinese students. We wanted to make a valuable contribution to our scholarly colleagues from China during this difficult time. Learners in China can simply visit each Specialization page to enroll with the updated pricing.

1

Word + Quiz: garbled

0
Word + Quiz: garbled

: lacking orderly continuity

The word garbled has appeared in 35 articles on NYTimes.com in the past year, including on Jan. 28 in “Letter of Recommendation: Lip Reading” by Jake Nevins:

The name is itself a misnomer, since lips aren’t read in any conventional sense of the word. The best lip readers are said to pick up only 30 to 45 percent of words as there are fewer visemes, or visually distinct units of sound, than there are phonemes, their auditory correlates (meaning the letters B and P, like K and G, sound different but look the same on someone’s lips). It is a necessarily imprecise science, a process by which the brain, with all its complex, rapid-fire circuitry, translates to one sense that which was meant for another.

In that way, lip reading is more like watching an orchestra — the coordination between the mouth, jaw, eyes, nose and throat resembling the interplay of the various instruments, culminating in the achievement of sense and, hopefully, legibility. Without a visual component, words, especially those heavy in consonants, can sound like one garbled mass to me: “Q-tips, please” as “Poughkeepsie,” misheard when I embarked on a trip to Duane Reade for a friend.